Mathematica里面,一般的绘制函数图像的号令,都有响应的三维模式。如:Plot和Plot3D,ParametricPlot和ParametricPlot3D,ContourPlot和ContourPlot3D。可是,PolarPlot的三维模式是什么?也就是,平面极坐标的三维模式是什么?谜底是:球坐标。
球坐标的画图,用SphericalPlot3D。
举个例子:
SphericalPlot3D[ 1 + 2 Cos[2 \[Theta]], {\[Theta], 0, Pi}, {\[Phi], 0, 2 Pi}]
画三个齐心半球:
SphericalPlot3D[{1, 2, 3}, {\[Theta], 0, Pi}, {\[Phi], 0, Pi}, PlotPoints -> 30]
再举一例,此次涉及到复变函数:
SphericalPlot3D[
Re[Sin[\[Theta]] Cos[\[Theta]] Exp[2 I*\[CurlyPhi]]], {\[Theta],
0, \[Pi]}, {\[CurlyPhi], 0, 2 \[Pi]}]
画图时,去失落坐标轴:
SphericalPlot3D[ 1 + 2 Cos[2 \[Theta]], {\[Theta], 0, Pi}, {\[Phi], 0, 2 Pi}, Axes -> False]
画图时,去失落外框:
SphericalPlot3D[{1, 2, 3}, {\[Theta], 0, Pi}, {\[Phi], 0, Pi},
PlotPoints -> 30, Boxed -> False]
画图时,去失落网格线:
SphericalPlot3D[
Re[Sin[\[Theta]] Cos[\[Theta]] Exp[2 I*\[CurlyPhi]]], {\[Theta],
0, \[Pi]}, {\[CurlyPhi], 0, 2 \[Pi]}, Mesh -> None]
红色,不透明,高光:
SphericalPlot3D[
1 + 2 Cos[2 \[Theta]], {\[Theta], 0, Pi}, {\[Phi], 0, 2 Pi},
PlotStyle -> Directive[Red, Opacity[1], Specularity[White, 10]],
Mesh -> None, PlotPoints -> 30, Axes -> False, Boxed -> False]
蓝色,半透明,高光:
SphericalPlot3D[
1 + 2 Cos[2 \[Theta]], {\[Theta], 0, Pi}, {\[Phi], 0, 2 Pi},
PlotStyle -> Directive[Blue, Opacity[0.7], Specularity[White, 6]],
Mesh -> None, PlotPoints -> 30, Axes -> False, Boxed -> False]
绿色的半透明“仙人掌”:
SphericalPlot3D[
Re[Sin[\[Theta]] Cos[\[Theta]] Exp[2 I*\[CurlyPhi]]], {\[Theta], 0,
Pi}, {\[CurlyPhi], 0, 2 Pi},
PlotStyle -> Directive[Green, Opacity[0.5], Specularity[White, 6]],
Mesh -> None, PlotPoints -> 30, Axes -> False, Boxed -> False]
五个楞的“什么瓜”:
SphericalPlot3D[
1 + Sin[5 \[Phi]]/5, {\[Theta], 0, Pi}, {\[Phi], 0, 2 Pi},
PlotStyle -> Directive[Green, Opacity[0.5], Specularity[White, 10]],
Mesh -> None, PlotPoints -> 30, Axes -> False, Boxed -> False]
色彩渐变:
SphericalPlot3D[
Re[Sin[\[Theta]] Cos[\[Theta]] Exp[2 I*\[CurlyPhi]]], {\[Theta], 0,
Pi}, {\[CurlyPhi], 0, 2 Pi},
ColorFunction -> (ColorData["Rainbow"][#6] &), Mesh -> None,
PlotPoints -> 25, Boxed -> False, Axes -> False]
和
SphericalPlot3D[
1 + Sin[5 \[Phi]]/5, {\[Theta], 0, Pi}, {\[Phi], 0, 2 Pi},
ColorFunction -> (ColorData["Rainbow"][#6] &), Mesh -> None,
PlotPoints -> 25, Boxed -> False, Axes -> False]
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